Below are three quick problems to help you apply what you learned. Create a new document for each problem so you can practice building from scratch.

Problem 1: Shopping Cart Total

Objective: Calculate the total price of items in a shopping cart after applying discounts.

Instructions:

Declare Variables:
- Create variables for itemPrice (Number), quantity (Number), and discount (Number, representing a percentage discount).
Calculate Total Price:
- Calculate the subtotal by multiplying itemPrice by quantity.
- Calculate the discount amount by multiplying the subtotal by discount.
- Subtract the discount amount from the subtotal to get the final total price.
Log Results:
- Use console.log to display the subtotal, discount amount, and final total price with descriptive messages.

Objective:

Prompt the user for a Celsius temperature, convert it to Fahrenheit, and display the result.

Instructions:

Prompt for Input
- Use prompt() to ask: "Enter temperature in Celsius:".
- Store the result in a variable celsius and convert it to a number.
Convert
- Calculate Fahrenheit with

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let fahrenheit = (celsius * 9/5) + 32;

Display Output
- Use alert() or console.log() to show:
- "XX°C is YY°F", replacing XX and YY with your calculated values.

Problem 3: Type Coercion Exploration

Objective: Observe and understand how JavaScript handles type coercion with different operators.

Instructions:

Declare Variables:
- Create a variable num with a numerical value, e.g., 5.
- Create a variable str with a string value representing a number, e.g., "10".
Perform Operations:
- Add num and str using the + operator.
- Subtract str from num using the - operator.
- Compare num and str using both == and === operators.
Log Results:
- Use console.log to display the results of each operation with descriptive messages.

Objective:

Calculate how much each person pays when splitting a restaurant bill with tip.

Instructions:

Declare Variables
- billAmount (Number): total check before tip.
- tipRate (Number): decimal for tip percentage (e.g., 0.18 for 18%).
- people (Number): number of diners.
Compute Totals
- Tip Amount: billAmount * tipRate
- Total Bill: add billAmount + tipAmount
- Per Person: divide the total bill by people.
Log Results
Use console.log() to display:
- “Tip: $…”
- “Total with Tip: $…”
- “Each Person Pays: $…”

Objective:

Apply sales tax to an item’s price and round the final price to two decimal places.

Instructions:

Declare Variables
- price (Number): base price of the item.
- taxRate (Number): decimal for sales tax (e.g., 0.075 for 7.5%).
Calculate Final Price
- Raw Total: price + (price * taxRate)
- Rounded Total: use .toFixed(2) to format to two decimals. Note that .toFixed() returns a string—use a numeric conversion if needed.
Log Results

Objective:

Verify whether a user-entered password meets a minimum length requirement.

Instructions:

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let password = prompt("Enter a new password:");

Check Length
- Use password.length (Number) and compare with a minimum (e.g., >= 8) using a comparison operator.
Log Outcome

Day 4: Combining Variables, Data Types, and Operators