Algorithm – A step-by-step procedure or formula for solving a problem.
Code – Instructions written in a programming language that a computer can execute.
Compile – The process of converting source code into executable machine code.
Debugging – The process of finding and fixing errors in code.
Syntax – The rules that define the structure of a programming language.
Variable – A storage location paired with a name that contains data which can be modified.

Data Type – The classification of data, such as integers, strings, and booleans.
Loop – A programming structure that repeats a set of instructions.
- For Loop – A loop that runs a specific number of times.
- While Loop – A loop that runs as long as a condition is true.
Condition – A statement that evaluates to true or false.
Function – A block of reusable code designed to perform a specific task.
Parameter – A value that is passed into a function.
Return Value – The output of a function.

Terminal – A text-based interface used to interact with the operating system.
Bash (Bourne Again Shell) – A command-line shell used to execute commands and scripts in Unix/Linux environments.
Command – An instruction you type into the terminal to perform a task.
- Examples: ls (list directory contents), cd (change directory), mkdir (make a new directory).
Script – A file containing a series of commands that are executed together.
Integrated Development Environment (IDE) – A software application that provides tools for coding (e.g., VS Code, PyCharm).
Interpreter – A program that translates and executes code line-by-line.
Compiler – A program that converts the entire source code into machine code before running it.
Text Editor – A simple program for editing code, such as Notepad++, Nano, or Vim.

Array – A collection of elements, such as numbers or strings, stored in a single variable.
Object – A data structure that contains properties (attributes) and methods (functions).
Class – A blueprint for creating objects, defining their properties and behaviors.
String – A sequence of characters, usually enclosed in quotes.
Boolean – A data type that represents one of two values: true or false.

Comment – A note in the code that explains what it does, ignored by the compiler/interpreter.
Indentation – The spacing used to structure code, often required in languages like Python.
Pseudocode – A plain language description of the steps in an algorithm.
Modularity – The practice of dividing code into smaller, reusable parts.
Version Control – A system for managing and tracking changes to code, often using tools like Git.

Path – The location of a file or directory in the file system.
Directory – A folder in the file system.
File Permissions – Rules that specify who can read, write, or execute a file.
Environment Variable – A variable that is set in the operating system and used by applications.
Shell Script – A file containing a sequence of shell commands.

HTML (HyperText Markup Language) – The standard markup language for creating web pages.
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) – A style sheet language used for describing the look and layout of a document written in HTML.
JavaScript – A programming language used to make web pages interactive.

Vocabulary | Programming Basics