Key Points

- The file system is responsible for managing information on the disk. - Information is stored in files, which are stored in directories (folders). - Directories can also store other directories, which then form a directory tree. - `pwd` prints the user’s current working directory. - `ls [path]` prints a listing of a specific file or directory; `ls` on its own lists the current working directory. - `cd [path]` changes the current working directory. - Most commands take options that begin with a single `-`. - Directory names in a path are separated with `/` on Unix, but `\` on Windows. - on its own is the root directory of the whole file system. - An absolute path specifies a location from the root of the file system. - A relative path specifies a location starting from the current location. - `.` on its own means ‘the current directory’; `..` means ‘the directory above the current one’.

2. Navigating Files and Directories