CLOSE REVIEWCompare and contrast the concepts of divergent evolution and convergent evolution.
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Divergent evolution occurs when two species that share a common ancestor evolve different traits, leading to increased differences over time. This often results in homologous structures. Convergent evolution, on the other hand, occurs when unrelated species evolve similar traits independently, often due to similar environmental pressures, resulting in analogous structures. While divergent evolution highlights common ancestry, convergent evolution emphasizes adaptation to similar environments.
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Which of the following scenarios best illustrates convergent evolution?
- A.
The presence of homologous limb structures in humans and bats.
- B.
The development of different beak shapes in Darwin's finches.
- C.
Dolphins and sharks both developing streamlined bodies for swimming.
- D.
The evolution of flight in both birds and bats.
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