CLOSE REVIEWExplain how crossing over during meiosis contributes to genetic diversity in a population.
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Crossing over during meiosis occurs in prophase I, where homologous chromosomes exchange segments of genetic material. This process creates new combinations of alleles on each chromosome, increasing genetic variation within a population. This genetic diversity is crucial for evolution and adaptation, as it provides a wider range of traits that may be beneficial in changing environments, enhancing the population's ability to survive and reproduce.
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Which of the following best describes the role of crossing over in meiosis?
- A.
It reduces the number of chromosomes in the gametes.
- B.
It duplicates the genetic material in the cell.
- C.
It ensures that each gamete receives a complete set of chromosomes.
- D.
It increases genetic variation by creating new combinations of alleles.
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